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What is the difference between class and instance attributes?

...just look in each instance's __dict__ and the class's __dict__. It just usually doesn't matter very much whether immutable types are shared or not. – abarnert Oct 29 '14 at 22:58 1...
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Why are Python's 'private' methods not actually private?

... The name scrambling is used to ensure that subclasses don't accidentally override the private methods and attributes of their superclasses. It's not designed to prevent deliberate access from outside. For example: >>> class Foo(object): ... def __init__(self): ... self....
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connecting to MySQL from the command line

...light security risk because it ends up in your command history and process tables. If you leave out the password it will ask you for it. – dj_segfault Feb 27 '11 at 7:16 ...
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How do I run all Python unit tests in a directory?

...it test module is of the form test_*.py . I am attempting to make a file called all_test.py that will, you guessed it, run all files in the aforementioned test form and return the result. I have tried two methods so far; both have failed. I will show the two methods, and I hope someone out there ...
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How do I profile memory usage in Python?

... This one has been answered already here: Python memory profiler Basically you do something like that (cited from Guppy-PE): >>> from guppy import hpy; h=hpy() >>> h.heap() Partition of a set of 48477 objects. Total size = 3265516 bytes. Index Count % Size % Cumulat...
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How to decorate a class?

...2.5, is there a way to create a decorator that decorates a class? Specifically, I want to use a decorator to add a member to a class and change the constructor to take a value for that member. ...
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Why can't I overload constructors in PHP?

I have abandoned all hope of ever being able to overload my constructors in PHP, so what I'd really like to know is why . ...
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How do JavaScript closures work?

...clared outside the function, regardless of when and where the function is called. If a function was called by a function, which in turn was called by another function, then a chain of references to outer lexical environments is created. This chain is called the scope chain. In the following code, in...
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How to use filter, map, and reduce in Python 3

... longer return lists: [...] map() and filter() return iterators. If you really need a list, a quick fix is e.g. list(map(...)), but a better fix is often to use a list comprehension (especially when the original code uses lambda), or rewriting the code so it doesn’t need a list at all. Particular...
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How can I do string interpolation in JavaScript?

...ring literal? For example, if one had a json file containing a translation table that needed values interpolated into them for display purposes? I think the first solution probably works well for this situation, but I do like the new string template syntax in general. – nbering...