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Python module os.chmod(file, 664) does not change the permission to rw-rw-r— but -w--wx----

...zero is important, it's because permissions are set as an octal integer, and Python automagically treats any integer with a leading zero as octal. So os.chmod("file", 484) (in decimal) would give the same result. What you are doing is passing 664 which in octal is 1230 In your case you woul...
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Why does GCC generate 15-20% faster code if I optimize for size instead of speed?

I first noticed in 2009 that GCC (at least on my projects and on my machines) have the tendency to generate noticeably faster code if I optimize for size ( -Os ) instead of speed ( -O2 or -O3 ), and I have been wondering ever since why. ...
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How to check if running in Cygwin, Mac or Linux?

I have a shell script that is used both on Windows/Cygwin and Mac and Linux. It needs slightly different variables for each versions. ...
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Sending email with PHP from an SMTP server

...l through a server that requires SMTP Auth, you really need to specify it, and set the host, username and password (and maybe the port if it is not the default one - 25). For example, I usually use PHPMailer with similar settings to this ones: $mail = new PHPMailer(); // Settings $mail->IsSMTP...
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How to delete a file or folder?

...os.rmdir() removes an empty directory. shutil.rmtree() deletes a directory and all its contents. Path objects from the Python 3.4+ pathlib module also expose these instance methods: pathlib.Path.unlink() removes a file or symbolic link. pathlib.Path.rmdir() removes an empty directory. ...
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How to get only the last part of a path in Python?

...s doesn't seem to work on Windows long paths, e.g., '\\\\?\\D:\\A\\B\\C\\' and '\\\\?\\UNC\\svr\\B\\C\\' (returns an empty string) This solution works for all cases. – omasoud Feb 7 at 17:54 ...
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Python list directory, subdirectory, and files

I'm trying to make a script to list all directory, subdirectory, and files in a given directory. I tried this: 7 Answers ...
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What is the meaning of “POSIX”?

What is POSIX? I have read the Wikipedia article and I read it every time I encounter the term. The fact is that I never really understood what it is. ...
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How do I rename all folders and files to lowercase on Linux?

... A concise version using the "rename" command: find my_root_dir -depth -exec rename 's/(.*)\/([^\/]*)/$1\/\L$2/' {} \; This avoids problems with directories being renamed before files and trying to move files into non-existing directories (e.g. "A/A" into "a/a"). ...
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Search and replace in Vim across all the project files

I'm looking for the best way to do search-and-replace (with confirmation) across all project files in Vim. By "project files" I mean files in the current directory, some of which do not have to be open. ...