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What's a concise way to check that environment variables are set in a Unix shell script?

...is therefore in the Korn Shell, and in the POSIX shells, including specifically Bash. It is usually documented in the shell's man page in a section called Parameter Expansion. For example, the bash manual says: ${parameter:?word} Display Error if Null or Unset. If parameter is null or unset, the...
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VS2012 return to a normal TFS checkin window?

...icrosoft Visual Studio 11.0\Common7\IDE\TF.exe (this is the default VS install location on Windows x64) Arguments: checkin Initial directory: $(SolutionDir) Here is a screenshot: You can invoke from TOOLS -> Checkin (or even assign a keyboard shortcut to Tools.ExternalCommand* as described here...
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How to show the “Are you sure you want to navigate away from this page?” when changes committed?

...tom message to be a security hazard and it has therefore been removed from all of them. Browsers now only display generic messages. Since we no longer have to worry about setting the message, it is as simple as: // Enable navigation prompt window.onbeforeunload = function() { return true; }; //...
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Using Mockito to test abstract classes

I'd like to test an abstract class. Sure, I can manually write a mock that inherits from the class. 11 Answers ...
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Iterate through a C++ Vector using a 'for' loop

...++ language. I have been starting to use vectors, and have noticed that in all of the code I see to iterate though a vector via indices, the first parameter of the for loop is always something based on the vector. In Java I might do something like this with an ArrayList: ...
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How to check if a variable exists in a FreeMarker template?

...ich values are supplied when the template is processed. I want to conditionally include part of the template if the userName variable is supplied, something like: ...
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What does -save-dev mean in npm install grunt --save-dev

...v: Package will appear in your devDependencies. According to the npm install docs. If someone is planning on downloading and using your module in their program, then they probably don't want or need to download and build the external test or documentation framework that you use. In other wor...
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Should I use the Reply-To header when sending emails as a service to others?

Suppose we have an application that acts as a middleman, allowing Company A to send reports to their customers. 3 Answers ...
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How to do stateless (session-less) & cookie-less authentication?

...ry request to authenticate the user. This, in my opinion, is unsafe, especially if the application isn't single page. It is also not scalable, especially if you want to add authorization to your app in addition to authentication in the future (although I guess you could build something based on logi...
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How to convert Linux cron jobs to “the Amazon way”?

...ds and no other cron worker will execute the job. The lock will automatically be released after the TTL has expired. This is conceptually very similar to the SQS option we discussed yesterday. Also see; Google's chubby http://static.googleusercontent.com/external_content/untrusted_dlcp...