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Accessing dict keys like an attribute?
... Unless - of course - you assign some value to them, see below)
Attributes and items are always in sync
Trying to access non-existent key as an attribute correctly raises AttributeError instead of KeyError
Supports [Tab] autocompletion (e.g. in jupyter & ipython)
Cons:
Methods like .keys() wil...
List of lists changes reflected across sublists unexpectedly
...(3)]
which will reevaluate [1]*4 each time instead of evaluating it once and making 3 references to 1 list.
You might wonder why * can't make independent objects the way the list comprehension does. That's because the multiplication operator * operates on objects, without seeing expressions. Wh...
When is memoization automatic in GHC Haskell?
... in foldl' (+) 0 (y ++ [x])
GHC might notice that y does not depend on x and rewrite the function to
f = let y = [1..30000000] in \x -> foldl' (+) 0 (y ++ [x])
In this case, the new version is much less efficient because it will have to read about 1 GB from memory where y is stored, while th...
Can C++ code be valid in both C++03 and C++11 but do different things?
Is it possible for C++ code to conform to both the C++03 standard and the C++11 standard, but do different things depending on under which standard it is being compiled?
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What is the difference between shallow copy, deepcopy and normal assignment operation?
...wards the existing object. The docs explain the difference between shallow and deep copies:
The difference between shallow and deep copying is only relevant for
compound objects (objects that contain other objects, like lists or
class instances):
A shallow copy constructs a new compo...
Which is the fastest algorithm to find prime numbers?
...ly I don't think primegen is the fastest, or even the second-fastest; yafu and primesieve are both faster in general, I think, and certainly over 2^32. Both are (modified) sieves of Eratosthenes rather than the Atkin-Bernstein sieve.
– Charles
Aug 19 '11 at 4:...
Linear Regression and group by in R
...ction. My data is an annual time series with one field for year (22 years) and another for state (50 states). I want to fit a regression for each state so that at the end I have a vector of lm responses. I can imagine doing for loop for each state then doing the regression inside the loop and adding...
What is a lambda expression in C++11?
...
The problem
C++ includes useful generic functions like std::for_each and std::transform, which can be very handy. Unfortunately they can also be quite cumbersome to use, particularly if the functor you would like to apply is unique to the particular function.
#include <algorithm>
#inclu...
Difference between == and ===
In swift there seem to be two equality operators: the double equals ( == ) and the triple equals ( === ), what is the difference between the two?
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Why is “int i = 2147483647 + 1;” OK, but “byte b = 127 + 1;” is not compilable?
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Constants are evaluated as ints, so 2147483647 + 1 overflows and gives you a new int, which is assignable to int, while 127 + 1 also evaluated as int equals to 128, and it is not assignable to byte.
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