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Python nested functions variable scoping [duplicate]
...When I run your code I get this error:
UnboundLocalError: local variable '_total' referenced before assignment
This problem is caused by this line:
_total += PRICE_RANGES[key][0]
The documentation about Scopes and Namespaces says this:
A special quirk of Python is that – if no global st...
How do I test an AngularJS service with Jasmine?
...hat passed
// for logging? Let's make it String-readable...
function _parseStuffIntoMessage(stuff) {
var message = "";
if (typeof stuff !== "string") {
message = JSON.stringify(stuff)
} else {
message = stuff;
}
return message;
}
/**
* @summary
* Wri...
How to rename items in values() in Django?
... could use the extra method:
MyModel.objects.extra(
select={
'renamed_value': 'cryptic_value_name'
}
).values(
'renamed_value'
)
This basically does SELECT cryptic_value_name AS renamed_value in the SQL.
Another option, if you always want the renamed version but the db has the cryptic nam...
snprintf and Visual Studio 2010
... the expected behavior for snprintf:
int snprintf( char* buffer, std::size_t buf_size, const char* format, ... );
Writes at most buf_size - 1 characters to a buffer. The resulting
character string will be terminated with a null character, unless
buf_size is zero. If buf_size is zero, nothi...
C++ Redefinition Header Files (winsock2.h)
...list that <windows.h> is included after <winsock2.h> or define _WINSOCKAPI_ first:
#define _WINSOCKAPI_ // stops windows.h including winsock.h
#include <windows.h>
// ...
#include "MyClass.h" // Which includes <winsock2.h>
See also this.
...
How to get the client IP address in PHP [duplicate]
...
Whatever you do, make sure not to trust data sent from the client. $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'] contains the real IP address of the connecting party. That is the most reliable value you can find.
However, they can be behind a proxy server in which case the proxy may have set the $_SERVER['HTTP_X...
Post-install script with Python setuptools
...from setuptools.command.install import install
from subprocess import check_call
class PreDevelopCommand(develop):
"""Pre-installation for development mode."""
def run(self):
check_call("apt-get install this-package".split())
develop.run(self)
class PreInstallCommand(insta...
Best practices for circular shift (rotate) operations in C++
... it to rotate by the width of the type (using fixed-width types like uint32_t).
#include <stdint.h> // for uint32_t
#include <limits.h> // for CHAR_BIT
// #define NDEBUG
#include <assert.h>
static inline uint32_t rotl32 (uint32_t n, unsigned int c)
{
const unsigned int mask...
How do I add custom field to Python log format string?
... pass the extra info with every logging call:
import logging
extra = {'app_name':'Super App'}
logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
syslog = logging.StreamHandler()
formatter = logging.Formatter('%(asctime)s %(app_name)s : %(message)s')
syslog.setFormatter(formatter)
logger.setLevel(logging.INFO)
l...
How to convert JSON data into a Python object
...E
With Python3, you can do it in one line, using SimpleNamespace and object_hook:
import json
from types import SimpleNamespace
data = '{"name": "John Smith", "hometown": {"name": "New York", "id": 123}}'
# Parse JSON into an object with attributes corresponding to dict keys.
x = json.loads(data, ...