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What is the fastest way to get the value of π?
...ically, I'm using ways that don't involve using #define constants like M_PI , or hard-coding the number in.
22 Answers
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Python __str__ and lists
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Calling string on a python list calls the __repr__ method on each element inside. For some items, __str__ and __repr__ are the same. If you want that behavior, do:
def __str__(self):
...
def __repr__(self):
return self.__str__()
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What is the __del__ method, How to call it?
I am reading a code. There is a class in which __del__ method is defined. I figured out that this method is used to destroy an instance of the class. However, I cannot find a place where this method is used. The main reason for that is that I do not know how this method is used, probably not like ...
Compare object instances for equality by their attributes
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You should implement the method __eq__:
class MyClass:
def __init__(self, foo, bar):
self.foo = foo
self.bar = bar
def __eq__(self, other):
if not isinstance(other, MyClass):
# don't attempt to compare against ...
Should __init__() call the parent class's __init__()?
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In Python, calling the super-class' __init__ is optional. If you call it, it is then also optional whether to use the super identifier, or whether to explicitly name the super class:
object.__init__(self)
In case of object, calling the super method is not st...
Relative imports in Python 2.7
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Naming
When a file is loaded, it is given a name (which is stored in its __name__ attribute). If it was loaded as the top-level script, its name is __main__. If it was loaded as a module, its name is the filename, preceded by the names of any packages/subpackages of which it is a part, separated...
Is there a Python caching library?
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From Python 3.2 you can use the decorator @lru_cache from the functools library.
It's a Last Recently Used cache, so there is no expiration time for the items in it, but as a fast hack it's very useful.
from functools import lru_cache
@lru_cache(maxsize=256)
def f(x):
...
Inverse dictionary lookup in Python
...s slow as yours, because it creates a list from the dict twice.
key = dict_obj.keys()[dict_obj.values().index(value)]
Or if you prefer brevity over readability you can save one more character with
key = list(dict_obj)[dict_obj.values().index(value)]
And if you prefer efficiency, @PaulMcGuire's...
How does Python's super() work with multiple inheritance?
...including two earlier attempts).
In your example, Third() will call First.__init__. Python looks for each attribute in the class's parents as they are listed left to right. In this case, we are looking for __init__. So, if you define
class Third(First, Second):
...
Python will start by looki...
How to retrieve a module's path?
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import a_module
print(a_module.__file__)
Will actually give you the path to the .pyc file that was loaded, at least on Mac OS X. So I guess you can do:
import os
path = os.path.abspath(a_module.__file__)
You can also try:
path ...