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Why does the C preprocessor interpret the word “linux” as the constant “1”?

...whether it's being compiled for a Linux target or not it can check whether __linux__ is defined (assuming you're using gcc or a compiler that's compatible with it). See the GNU C preprocessor manual for more information. A largely irrelevant aside: the "Best One Liner" winner of the 1987 Internatio...
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How to properly assert that an exception gets raised in pytest?

... pytest.raises(Exception) is what you need. Code import pytest def test_passes(): with pytest.raises(Exception) as e_info: x = 1 / 0 def test_passes_without_info(): with pytest.raises(Exception): x = 1 / 0 def test_fails(): with pytest.raises(Exception) as e_info: ...
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Should I implement __ne__ in terms of __eq__ in Python?

I have a class where I want to override the __eq__ method. It seems to make sense that I should override the __ne__ method as well, but does it make sense to implement __ne__ in terms of __eq__ as such? ...
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filename and line number of python script

... Whether you use currentframe().f_back depends on whether you are using a function or not. Calling inspect directly: from inspect import currentframe, getframeinfo cf = currentframe() filename = getframeinfo(cf).filename print "This is line 5, python say...
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C++ preprocessor __VA_ARGS__ number of arguments

...re however you have a macro implementation that does the count: #define PP_NARG(...) \ PP_NARG_(__VA_ARGS__,PP_RSEQ_N()) #define PP_NARG_(...) \ PP_ARG_N(__VA_ARGS__) #define PP_ARG_N( \ _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9,_10, \ _11,_12,_13,_14,_15,_16,_17,_18,_...
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Usage of __slots__?

What is the purpose of __slots__ in Python — especially with respect to when I would want to use it, and when not? 11 A...
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A simple explanation of Naive Bayes Classification

...sitive = Prob(Test is positive|Disease) * P(Disease) _______________________________________________________________ (scaled by) Prob(Testing Positive, with or without the disease) Now, all this was just preamble, to get to Naive Bayes. Getting to Naive Bayes' So far, ...
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String concatenation in Ruby

...; but that is not the usual way With string interpolation source = "#{ROOT_DIR}/#{project}/App.config" with + source = "#{ROOT_DIR}/" + project + "/App.config" The second method seems to be more efficient in term of memory/speed from what I've seen (not measured though). All three methods will...
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Difference between __getattr__ vs __getattribute__

I am trying to understand when to use __getattr__ or __getattribute__ . The documentation mentions __getattribute__ applies to new-style classes. What are new-style classes? ...
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Can someone explain __all__ in Python?

I have been using Python more and more, and I keep seeing the variable __all__ set in different __init__.py files. Can someone explain what this does? ...