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How to check if a variable is a dictionary in Python?
...t, defaultdict, or Counter from the collections module:
if isinstance(any_object, dict):
But there are even more flexible options.
Supporting abstractions:
from collections.abc import Mapping
if isinstance(any_object, Mapping):
This allows the user of your code to use their own custom implem...
Is there any pythonic way to combine two dicts (adding values for keys that appear in both)?
...t;> A + B
Counter({'c': 7, 'b': 5, 'd': 5, 'a': 1})
Counters are basically a subclass of dict, so you can still do everything else with them you'd normally do with that type, such as iterate over their keys and values.
...
Why Choose Struct Over Class?
...es in many circumstances.
Structs are preferable if they are relatively small and copiable because copying is way safer than having multiple references to the same instance as happens with classes. This is especially important when passing around a variable to many classes and/or in a multithreaded...
querySelector and querySelectorAll vs getElementsByClassName and getElementById in JavaScript
...w what exactly is the difference between querySelector and querySelectorAll against getElementsByClassName and getElementById ?
...
ActionController::InvalidAuthenticityToken
...h were page cached. Pages got buffered with a stale authenticity token and all actions using the methods post/put/delete where recognized as forgery attempts. Error (422 Unprocessable Entity) was returned to the user.
The solution for Rails 3:
Add:
skip_before_filter :verify_authenticity_token
...
What is the difference between map and flatMap and a good use case for each?
...ark-shell session:
First, some data - two lines of text:
val rdd = sc.parallelize(Seq("Roses are red", "Violets are blue")) // lines
rdd.collect
res0: Array[String] = Array("Roses are red", "Violets are blue")
Now, map transforms an RDD of length N into another RDD of length N.
For examp...
How to get notified about changes of the history via history.pushState?
...);
}
// ... whatever else you want to do
// maybe call onhashchange e.handler
return pushState.apply(history, arguments);
};
})(window.history);
Your jsfiddle becomes:
window.onpopstate = history.onpushstate = function(e) { ... }
You can monkey-patch window.h...
BLE协议—广播和扫描 - 更多技术 - 清泛网 - 专注C/C++及内核技术
...广播方式的报文有4种，分别为可连接的非定向广播（ADV_IND）、可连接的定向广播（ADV_DIRECT_IND）、可扫描非定向广播（ADV_SCAN_IND）、不可连接的非定向广播（ADV_NONCONN_IND）
4种广播的使用场景各不相同
可连接的非定向广播（A...
Auto layout constraints issue on iOS7 in UITableViewCell
...n the cell is reused like this:
For Static UITableViewController:
#ifdef __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED
#if __IPHONE_OS_VERSION_MIN_REQUIRED < __IPHONE_8_0
-(UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath
{
UITableViewCell *cell = [sup...
Cropping an UIImage
...of the center of the image - I use this to take a UIImage and return a small, square representation of an image, similar to what's seen in the album view of the Photos app. (I know I could use a UIImageView and adjust the crop mode to achieve the same results, but these images are sometimes disp...