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How to use filter, map, and reduce in Python 3
					filter ,  map , and  reduce  work perfectly in Python 2. Here is an example:
                    
                    
                        
                            
                                
                                        7 Answers
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							Sort a list by multiple attributes?
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A key can be a function that returns a tuple:
s = sorted(s, key = lambda x: (x[1], x[2]))
Or you can achieve the same using itemgetter (which is faster and avoids a Python function call):
import operator
s = sorted(s, key = operator.itemgetter(1, 2))
And notice that here you can use sort inst...				
				
				
							How do I replace NA values with zeros in an R dataframe?
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See my comment in @gsk3 answer. A simple example:
> m <- matrix(sample(c(NA, 1:10), 100, replace = TRUE), 10)
> d <- as.data.frame(m)
   V1 V2 V3 V4 V5 V6 V7 V8 V9 V10
1   4  3 NA  3  7  6  6 10  6   5
2   9  8  9  5 10 NA  2  1  7   2
3   1  1  6  3  6 ...				
				
				
							Equation for testing if a point is inside a circle
					If you have  a circle with center  (center_x, center_y)  and radius  radius , how do you test if a given point with coordinates  (x, y)  is inside the circle?
                    
                    
                        
                            
                                
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							How do function pointers in C work?
					I had some experience lately with function pointers in C.
                    
                    
                        
                            
                                
                                        11 Answers
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							Callback functions in C++
					...s of the standard algorithms library <algorithm> use callbacks. For example the for_each algorithm applies an unary callback to every item in a range of iterators:
template<class InputIt, class UnaryFunction>
UnaryFunction for_each(InputIt first, InputIt last, UnaryFunction f)
{
  for (...				
				
				
							How can we make xkcd style graphs?
					Apparently, folk have figured out how to make  xkcd  style graphs  in Mathematica  and  in LaTeX . Can we do it in R? Ggplot2-ers? A geom_xkcd and/or theme_xkcd?
                    
                    
                        
                            
                                
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							Simultaneously merge multiple data.frames in a list
					...icate of this one so I answer here, using the 3 sample data frames below:
x <- data.frame(i = c("a","b","c"), j = 1:3, stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
y <- data.frame(i = c("b","c","d"), k = 4:6, stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
z <- data.frame(i = c("c","d","a"), l = 7:9, stringsAsFactors=FALSE)
Update ...				
				
				
							How to detect a Christmas Tree? [closed]
					... so the first threshold is just a simple monochrome brightness test; any pixels with values above 220 on a 0-255 scale (where black is 0 and white is 255) are saved to a binary black-and-white image.  The second threshold tries to look for red and yellow lights, which are particularly prominent in t...				
				
				
							promise already under evaluation: recursive default argument reference or earlier problems?
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Formal arguments of the form x=x cause this.  Eliminating the two instances where they occur we get:
f <- function(x, T) {
   10 * sin(0.3 * x) * sin(1.3 * x^2) + 0.001 * x^3 + 0.2 * x + 80 
}
g <- function(x, T, f. = f) {  ## 1. note f.
   exp(-...				
				
				
							