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Proper way to declare custom exceptions in modern Python?

...tionError(Exception): def __init__(self, message, errors): # Call the base class constructor with the parameters it needs super(ValidationError, self).__init__(message) # Now for your custom code... self.errors = errors That way you could pass dict of error me...
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Python's equivalent of && (logical-and) in an if-statement

... different name in Python. The logical operators && and || are actually called and and or. Likewise the logical negation operator ! is called not. So you could just write: if len(a) % 2 == 0 and len(b) % 2 == 0: or even: if not (len(a) % 2 or len(b) % 2): Some additional information (...
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Lodash - difference between .extend() / .assign() and .merge()

...d try to map child object properties from source to destination. So essentially we merge object hierarchy from source to destination. While for extend/assign, it's simple one level copy of properties from source to destination. Here's simple JSBin that would make this crystal clear: http://jsbin.co...
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Why is “if not someobj:” better than “if someobj == None:” in Python?

...a __nonzero__ special method (as do numeric built-ins, int and float), it calls this method. It must either return a bool value which is then directly used, or an int value that is considered False if equal to zero. Otherwise, if the object has a __len__ special method (as do container built-ins, li...
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Can modules have properties the same way that objects can?

...s? When I put this code in one file x.py and import it from another, then calling x.y results in AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute 'c', since _M somehow has value None... – Stephan202 May 19 '09 at 1:35 ...
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Set attributes from dictionary in python

...key]) Update As Brent Nash suggests, you can make this more flexible by allowing keyword arguments as well: class Employee(object): def __init__(self, *initial_data, **kwargs): for dictionary in initial_data: for key in dictionary: setattr(self, key, dicti...
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The object 'DF__*' is dependent on column '*' - Changing int to double

Basically I got a table in my EF database with the following properties: 8 Answers 8 ...
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jsonify a SQLAlchemy result set in Flask [duplicate]

... It seems that you actually haven't executed your query. Try following: return jsonify(json_list = qryresult.all()) [Edit]: Problem with jsonify is, that usually the objects cannot be jsonified automatically. Even Python's datetime fails ;) Wha...
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How do I correctly clean up a Python object?

...it close() statement is that you have to worry about people forgetting to call it at all or forgetting to place it in a finally block to prevent a resource leak when an exception occurs. To use the with statement, create a class with the following methods: def __enter__(self) def __exit__(self...
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Running unittest with typical test directory structure

...on -m unittest test.test_antigravity.GravityTestCase.test_method Running all tests: You can also use test discovery which will discover and run all the tests for you, they must be modules or packages named test*.py (can be changed with the -p, --pattern flag): $ cd new_project $ python -m unitte...