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Execution of Python code with -m option or not
....bar as the starting point.
Demo:
$ mkdir -p test/foo/bar
$ touch test/foo/__init__.py
$ touch test/foo/bar/__init__.py
$ cat << EOF > test/foo/bar/baz.py
> if __name__ == "__main__":
> print __package__
> print __name__
>
> EOF
$ PYTHONPATH=test python test/foo/bar...
How to get name of exception that was caught in Python?
...rent ways to get the name of the class of the exception:
type(exception).__name__
exception.__class__.__name__
exception.__class__.__qualname__
e.g.,
try:
foo = bar
except Exception as exception:
assert type(exception).__name__ == 'NameError'
assert exception.__class__.__name__ == '...
How to load all modules in a folder?
...
List all python (.py) files in the current folder and put them as __all__ variable in __init__.py
from os.path import dirname, basename, isfile, join
import glob
modules = glob.glob(join(dirname(__file__), "*.py"))
__all__ = [ basename(f)[:-3] for f in modules if isfile(f) and not f.endswi...
Proper way to declare custom exceptions in modern Python?
... (or pass extra args), do this:
class ValidationError(Exception):
def __init__(self, message, errors):
# Call the base class constructor with the parameters it needs
super(ValidationError, self).__init__(message)
# Now for your custom code...
self.errors = erro...
How do I get the full path of the current file's directory?
...3
For the directory of the script being run:
import pathlib
pathlib.Path(__file__).parent.absolute()
For the current working directory:
import pathlib
pathlib.Path().absolute()
Python 2 and 3
For the directory of the script being run:
import os
os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))
I...
Class with Object as a parameter
...
class Classic: pass
class NewStyle(object): pass
print(dir(Classic))
# ['__doc__', '__module__']
print(dir(NewStyle))
# ['__class__', '__delattr__', '__dict__', '__doc__', '__format__', '__getattribute__', '__hash__', '__init__', '__module__', '__new__', '__reduce__', '__reduce_ex__', '__repr__',...
How do I plot in real-time in a while loop using matplotlib?
...
Did not work on Win64/Anaconda matplotlib.__version__ 1.5.0. An initial figure window opened, but did not display anything, it remained in a blocked state until I closed it
– isti_spl
Feb 4 '16 at 8:39
...
How to detect reliably Mac OS X, iOS, Linux, Windows in C preprocessor? [duplicate]
... be found here.
Here is an example for gcc:
#if defined(WIN32) || defined(_WIN32) || defined(__WIN32__) || defined(__NT__)
//define something for Windows (32-bit and 64-bit, this part is common)
#ifdef _WIN64
//define something for Windows (64-bit only)
#else
//define something...
Approximate cost to access various caches and main memory?
...opy of a line. But remember, Intel uses MESIF (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MESIF_protocol) for NUMA, AMD uses MOESI. I think within a single socket, though, MESIF isn't really a thing because data comes from L3, not core->core. So it's probably more relevant for L3 cache->cache transfers across s...
C Macro definition to determine big endian or little endian machine?
...byte orders, ready to be put into a file called order32.h:
#ifndef ORDER32_H
#define ORDER32_H
#include <limits.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#if CHAR_BIT != 8
#error "unsupported char size"
#endif
enum
{
O32_LITTLE_ENDIAN = 0x03020100ul,
O32_BIG_ENDIAN = 0x00010203ul,
O32_PDP_E...