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Is MVC a Design Pattern or Architectural pattern

... Why does one of them have to be true? Both can be true, depending on point of view. MVC can be an architectual pattern, if it forms the basis of the application architecture. It can also be seen as simply a design pattern, an abst...
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How do I trim whitespace from a string?

... Just one space, or all consecutive spaces? If the second, then strings already have a .strip() method: >>> ' Hello '.strip() 'Hello' >>> ' Hello'.strip() 'Hello' >>> 'Bob has a cat'.strip() 'Bob has a ...
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Saving an Object (Data persistence)

...and therefore "human-readable". Versions > 0 are binary and the highest one available depends on what version of Python is being used. The default also depends on Python version. In Python 2 the default was Protocol version 0, but in Python 3.8.1, it's Protocol version 4. In Python 3.x the module...
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What is the difference between mocking and spying when using Mockito?

...ss of a Type, not from an actual instance. The mock simply creates a bare-bones shell instance of the Class, entirely instrumented to track interactions with it. On the other hand, the spy will wrap an existing instance. It will still behave in the same way as the normal instance – the only differ...
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What is the direction of stack growth in most modern systems?

...ning on. Solaris, for example, runs on x86 and SPARC. Mac OSX (as you mentioned) runs on PPC and x86. Linux runs on everything from my big honkin' System z at work to a puny little wristwatch. If the CPU provides any kind of choice, the ABI / calling convention used by the OS specifies which choice...
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Python (and Python C API): __new__ versus __init__

... There are probably other uses for __new__ but there's one really obvious one: You can't subclass an immutable type without using __new__. So for example, say you wanted to create a subclass of tuple that can contain only integral values between 0 and size. class ModularTuple(tu...
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How to convert a Git shallow clone to a full clone?

Follow-up of this so-question: if I have a shallow clone, how to fetch all older commits to make it a full clone? 6 Answe...
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How to show first commit by 'git log'?

...this answer was posted.) Explanation Technically, there may be more than one root commit. This happens when multiple previously independent histories are merged together. It is common when a project is integrated via a subtree merge. The git.git repository has six root commits in its history grap...
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What are bitwise operators?

I'm someone who writes code just for fun and haven't really delved into it in either an academic or professional setting, so stuff like these bitwise operators really escapes me. ...
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How can mixed data types (int, float, char, etc) be stored in an array?

I want to store mixed data types in an array. How could one do that? 6 Answers 6 ...