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JavaScript: How to pass object by value?
...y may be to set o as the prototype of a new object.
var o = {};
(function(x){
var obj = Object.create( x );
obj.foo = 'foo';
obj.bar = 'bar';
})(o);
alert( o.foo ); // undefined
So any properties you add to obj will be not be added to o. Any properties added to obj with the same prop...
Why are Where and Select outperforming just Select?
...t of constructing the new state of the where iterator, which is more complex than the simple iterator that the Select version uses.
As you can see, for a given n, the Select version is a constant, whereas the Where+Select version is a linear equation with p(valid) as a variable. The actual values ...
What is your favorite C programming trick? [closed]
For example, I recently came across this in the linux kernel:
37 Answers
37
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Apply a function to every row of a matrix or a data frame
Suppose I have a n by 2 matrix and a function that takes a 2-vector as one of its arguments. I would like to apply the function to each row of the matrix and get a n-vector. How to do this in R?
...
Make a negative number positive
...
Just call Math.abs. For example:
int x = Math.abs(-5);
Which will set x to 5.
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Reverse Range in Swift
...gh:1,by:-1) { print(i) } // 5 4 3 2 1
stide(from:to:by:) is similar but excludes the last value
for i in stride(from:5,to:0,by:-1) { print(i) } // 5 4 3 2 1
Update For latest Swift 2
First of all, protocol extensions change how reverse is used:
for i in (1...5).reverse() { print(i) } // 5 4 3...
Python idiom to return first item or None
...
Python 2.6+
next(iter(your_list), None)
If your_list can be None:
next(iter(your_list or []), None)
Python 2.4
def get_first(iterable, default=None):
if iterable:
for item in iterable:
return item
return d...
How can I convert a dictionary into a list of tuples?
... it or organize it as necessary.
See: items(), iteritems()
In Python 3.x, you would not use iteritems (which no longer exists), but instead use items, which now returns a "view" into the dictionary items. See the What's New document for Python 3.0, and the new documentation on views.
1: Inserti...
application/x-www-form-urlencoded or multipart/form-data?
In HTTP there are two ways to POST data: application/x-www-form-urlencoded and multipart/form-data . I understand that most browsers are only able to upload files if multipart/form-data is used. Is there any additional guidance when to use one of the encoding types in an API context (no browser...
How to check if variable's type matches Type stored in a variable
...ns.
The is operator does not check if the runtime type of the operand is exactly the given type; rather, it checks to see if the runtime type is compatible with the given type:
class Animal {}
class Tiger : Animal {}
...
object x = new Tiger();
bool b1 = x is Tiger; // true
bool b2 = x is Animal; ...
