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design a stack such that getMinimum( ) should be O(1)

... EDIT: This fails the "constant space" constraint - it basically doubles the space required. I very much doubt that there's a solution which doesn't do that though, without wrecking the runtime complexity somewhere (e.g. making push/pop O(n)). Note that this doesn't change the complex...
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How can the Euclidean distance be calculated with NumPy?

... There's a function for that in SciPy. It's called Euclidean. Example: from scipy.spatial import distance a = (1, 2, 3) b = (4, 5, 6) dst = distance.euclidean(a, b) share | ...
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Can gcc output C code after preprocessing?

...tenate lines, choke on special characters, etc.) Asuming you have gcc installed, the command line is: gcc -E -x c -P -C -traditional-cpp code_before.cpp > code_after.cpp (Doesn't have to be 'cpp'.) There's an excellent description of this usage at http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/html/cpre.htm...
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How do I create a Java string from the contents of a file?

... Read all text from a file Java 11 added the readString() method to read small files as a String, preserving line terminators: String content = Files.readString(path, StandardCharsets.US_ASCII); For versions between Java 7 and 11,...
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Render HTML to an image

... which already has a lot of answers, yet I still spent hours trying to actually do what I wanted: given an html file, generate a (png) image with transparent background from the command line Using Chrome headless (version 74.0.3729.157 as of this response), it is actually easy: "/Applications/G...
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async/await - when to return a Task vs void?

... 1) Normally, you would want to return a Task. The main exception should be when you need to have a void return type (for events). If there's no reason to disallow having the caller await your task, why disallow it? 2) async methods...
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Why do you have to call .items() when iterating over a dictionary in Python?

...te over the same items. Implementation-wise they are different operations (__contains__ vs. __iter__). But that little inconsistency would be somewhat confusing and, well, inconsistent. share | impr...
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In Perl, how can I read an entire file into a string?

... before reading from the file handle. See How can I read in an entire file all at once?, or $ perldoc -q "entire file" See Variables related to filehandles in perldoc perlvar and perldoc -f local. Incidentally, if you can put your script on the server, you can have all the modules you want. See ...
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Difference between java.util.Random and java.security.SecureRandom

... The standard Oracle JDK 7 implementation uses what's called a Linear Congruential Generator to produce random values in java.util.Random. Taken from java.util.Random source code (JDK 7u2), from a comment on the method protected int next(int bits), which is the one that genera...
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What is so bad about singletons? [closed]

...haned by the developer world. I still use quite a lot of singletons, especially for factory classes , and while you have to be a bit careful about multithreading issues (like any class actually), I fail to see why they are so awful. ...