My understanding is that C/C++ produces native code to run on a particular machine architecture. Conversely, languages like Java and C# run on top of a virtual machine which abstracts away the native architecture. Logically it would seem impossible for Java or C# to match the speed of C++ because ...

C++ inherited arrays from C where they are used virtually everywhere. C++ provides abstractions that are easier to use and less error-prone ( std::vector<T> since C++98 and std::array<T, n> since C++11 ), so the need for arrays does not arise quite as often as it does in C. However, ...

...T 0 (None) #>>> 20 RETURN_VALUE This produces just 9 LOAD_CONST 6 (('a', 'b', 'c')) as tuples are immutable. Test: >>> python3 -m timeit '[x for x in ("a", "b", "c")]' 1000000 loops, best of 3: 0.369 usec per loop Great, back up to ...