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How to get the original value of an attribute in Rails
...
Before rails 5.1
Appending _was to your attribute will give you the previous value.
For rails 5.1+
Copied from Lucas Andrade's answer below: https://stackoverflow.com/a/50973808/9359123
Appending _was is deprecated in rails 5.1, now you should ap...
How many GCC optimization levels are there?
...lear on the man page.
We shall conclude that:
anything above -O3 up to INT_MAX is the same as -O3, but that could easily change in the future, so don't rely on it.
GCC 5.1 runs undefined behavior if you enter integers larger than INT_MAX.
the argument can only have digits, or it fails gracefully. I...
How to convert a scala.List to a java.util.List?
...1,2,3))
From Scala 2.8 onwards:
import scala.collection.JavaConversions._
import scala.collection.mutable.ListBuffer
asList(ListBuffer(List(1,2,3): _*))
val x: java.util.List[Int] = ListBuffer(List(1,2,3): _*)
However, asList in that example is not necessary if the type expected is a Java List,...
Select count(*) from multiple tables
...
Just because it's slightly different:
SELECT 'table_1' AS table_name, COUNT(*) FROM table_1
UNION
SELECT 'table_2' AS table_name, COUNT(*) FROM table_2
UNION
SELECT 'table_3' AS table_name, COUNT(*) FROM table_3
It gives the answers transposed (one row per table instead of ...
Behaviour of increment and decrement operators in Python
...so far as they don't explain what happens.
To be exact, +x evaluates to x.__pos__() and ++x to x.__pos__().__pos__().
I could imagine a VERY weird class structure (Children, don't do this at home!) like this:
class ValueKeeper(object):
def __init__(self, value): self.value = value
def __s...
error LNK2019: unresolved external symbol _WinMain@16 referenced in function ___tmainCRTStartup
...you can just hint at what your entry point is, because you haven't defined ___tmainCRTStartup. You can do this by adding the following to Properties -> Linker -> Command line:
/ENTRY:"mainCRTStartup"
This way you get rid of the console window.
...
Finding the source code for built-in Python functions?
... particular module or function is implemented in you can usually print the __file__ attribute. Alternatively, you may use the inspect module, see the section Retrieving Source Code in the documentation of inspect.
For built-in classes and methods this is not so straightforward since inspect.getfile...
The tilde operator in Python
...s operator.invert. To support this operator in your own class, give it an __invert__(self) method.
>>> import operator
>>> class Foo:
... def __invert__(self):
... print 'invert'
...
>>> x = Foo()
>>> operator.invert(x)
invert
>>> ~x
invert
Any ...
Python JSON serialize a Decimal object
...
The problem was that DecimalEncoder()._iterencode(decimal.Decimal('3.9')).next() returned the correct '3.9', but DecimalEncoder()._iterencode(3.9).next() returned a generator object which would only return '3.899...' when you piled on another .next(). Generator f...
How do I perform the SQL Join equivalent in MongoDB?
...ttps://docs.mongodb.org/master/reference/operator/aggregation/lookup/#pipe._S_lookup
From the docs:
{
$lookup:
{
from: <collection to join>,
localField: <field from the input documents>,
foreignField: <field from the documents of the "from" collection>...