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How to read a single character from the user?

... except ImportError: self.impl = _GetchUnix() def __call__(self): return self.impl() class _GetchUnix: def __init__(self): import tty, sys def __call__(self): import sys, tty, termios fd = sys.stdin.fileno() old_settings = termios.tcge...
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Python __str__ versus __unicode__

...onfusing, but in 2.x we're stuck with them for compatibility reasons. Generally, you should put all your string formatting in __unicode__(), and create a stub __str__() method: def __str__(self): return unicode(self).encode('utf-8') In 3.0, str contains characters, so the same methods are nam...
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Creating the Singleton design pattern in PHP5

... /** * Singleton class * */ final class UserFactory { /** * Call this method to get singleton * * @return UserFactory */ public static function Instance() { static $inst = null; if ($inst === null) { $inst = new UserFactory(); ...
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MVVM in WPF - How to alert ViewModel of changes in Model… or should I?

... RaisePropertyChanged("ViewModelCopyOfSomeProperty"); } But typically this is only needed if more than one object will be making changes to the Model's data, which is not usually the case. If you ever have a case where you don't actually have a reference to your Model property to attach t...
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PHP function overloading

...um_args() and func_get_arg() to get the arguments passed, and use them normally. For example: function myFunc() { for ($i = 0; $i < func_num_args(); $i++) { printf("Argument %d: %s\n", $i, func_get_arg($i)); } } /* Argument 0: a Argument 1: 2 Argument 2: 3.5 */ myFunc('a', 2, 3...
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Installing Google Protocol Buffers on mac

I would like to install the older version of Google Protocol Buffers (protobuf-2.4.1) on mac using Terminal command line. I tried with brew install protobuf , but the latest version 2.5.0 has been installed. Is it possible to install the older version from terminal. ...
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URL rewriting with PHP

... You can essentially do this 2 ways: The .htaccess route with mod_rewrite Add a file called .htaccess in your root folder, and add something like this: RewriteEngine on RewriteRule ^/?Some-text-goes-here/([0-9]+)$ /picture.php?id=$1 Thi...
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What is a clean, pythonic way to have multiple constructors in Python?

... Actually None is much better for "magic" values: class Cheese(): def __init__(self, num_holes = None): if num_holes is None: ... Now if you want complete freedom of adding more parameters: class Cheese...
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Dynamic variable names in Bash

...Fgilrtux] [-p] [name[=value] ...]. You might double-check that you are actually running 4.x and not 3.2. – chepner Dec 2 '13 at 16:08 5 ...
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Python unittest - opposite of assertRaises?

...the correct solution in fact. The solution proposed by user9876 is conceptually flawed: if you test for the non-raising of say ValueError, but ValueError is instead raised, your test must exit with a failure condition, not an error one. On the other hand, if in running the same code you would raise ...