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How do JavaScript closures work?
...clared outside the function, regardless of when and where the function is called.
If a function was called by a function, which in turn was called by another function, then a chain of references to outer lexical environments is created. This chain is called the scope chain.
In the following code, in...
Is there a simple, elegant way to define singletons? [duplicate]
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I don't really see the need, as a module with functions (and not a class) would serve well as a singleton. All its variables would be bound to the module, which could not be instantiated repeatedly anyway.
If you do wish to use a cla...
Why can't I overload constructors in PHP?
I have abandoned all hope of ever being able to overload my constructors in PHP, so what I'd really like to know is why .
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if A vs if A is not None:
...
The statement
if A:
will call A.__nonzero__() (see Special method names documentation) and use the return value of that function. Here's the summary:
object.__nonzero__(self)
Called to implement truth value testing and the built-in operation ...
How do I profile memory usage in Python?
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This one has been answered already here: Python memory profiler
Basically you do something like that (cited from Guppy-PE):
>>> from guppy import hpy; h=hpy()
>>> h.heap()
Partition of a set of 48477 objects. Total size = 3265516 bytes.
Index Count % Size % Cumulat...
How to deal with SettingWithCopyWarning in Pandas?
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The SettingWithCopyWarning was created to flag potentially confusing "chained" assignments, such as the following, which does not always work as expected, particularly when the first selection returns a copy. [see GH5390 and GH5597 for background discussion.]
df[df['A'] > 2...
Rename all files in directory from $filename_h to $filename_half?
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Just use bash, no need to call external commands.
for file in *_h.png
do
mv "$file" "${file/_h.png/_half.png}"
done
Do not add #!/bin/sh
For those that need that one-liner:
for file in *.png; do mv "$file" "${file/_h.png/_half.png}"; done
...
How do I run all Python unit tests in a directory?
...it test module is of the form test_*.py . I am attempting to make a file called all_test.py that will, you guessed it, run all files in the aforementioned test form and return the result. I have tried two methods so far; both have failed. I will show the two methods, and I hope someone out there ...
How to use filter, map, and reduce in Python 3
... longer return lists:
[...]
map() and filter() return iterators. If you really need a list, a quick fix is e.g. list(map(...)), but a better fix is often to use a list comprehension (especially when the original code uses lambda), or rewriting the code so it doesn’t need a list at all. Particular...
Python read-only property
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Generally, Python programs should be written with the assumption that all users are consenting adults, and thus are responsible for using things correctly themselves. However, in the rare instance where it just does not make sens...